At (general locative): né
In: nlá
Around, surrounding: dvú
Outside of: fri
Over: vru
Under: jba
Behind: mlu
In front of: shve
Beside: thmi
Left of: vli
Right of: kse
North of: nro
South of: zdu
East of: gvo
West of: tsi
These are modified by a series of infixes:
To: -in-
From: -ov-
On/touching: -ól-
Toward: -al-
From one end/side to the other (along): -um-
These are inserted just before the vowel: nliná (into), jbova (from under), vrólu (on top of), vlali (toward the left of), gvumo (along the east side of). The infix -um- has special meanings when used with nlá, dvú, and fri. nlumá indicates going through something, thus going "along the inside". frumi means basically "along the outside", like walking along the outside wall of a house, we don't care which one. dvumú means going around something full circle. Adding -n to a preposition makes it behave as a root word: vrunet (top, area above), ksenít (right, sing. adj), frinush (to be outside).
Hopefully all this works and makes sense :-P
krispuket
Wednesday, July 6, 2016
Grammatical endings
Nouns:
Adjective: -ít (singular), ís (plural)
Adverb: -ík
Verbs:
Past: -uk, Present: -ut, Future: -up, Neutral: -ush
-----
These suffixes modify the word to which they are attached; they always come before the grammatical ending:
would: -i, should: -en, must: -er, may (expressing desire): - tends to: -
  | "personal" | "non-personal" |
---|---|---|
singular |  -ót |  -et |
plural |  -ós |  -es |
Adjective: -ít (singular), ís (plural)
Adverb: -ík
Verbs:
Past: -uk, Present: -ut, Future: -up, Neutral: -ush
-----
These suffixes modify the word to which they are attached; they always come before the grammatical ending:
would: -i, should: -en, must: -er, may (expressing desire): - tends to: -
Pronouns!
I love neat, tidy tables... *dreamy smile*
Persons | Non-persons | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
1p |   nót |   nós |   net |   nes |
2p |   vót |   vós |   vet |   ves |
3p |   kót |   kós |   ket |   kes |
general |   thót |   thós |   thet |   thes |
reflexive |   sót |   sós |   set |   ses |
Alphabet
written character on the left; IPA transcription on the right.
vowels:
a - /a/
á - /ɑ/
e - /e/
í - /ɪ/
o - /o/
ó - /ɔ/
u - /u/
ú - /ɵ/ or /ʊ/ (tried to determine it from an IPA chart with sound, and couldn't figure out which one sounded more like what I had in mind :-/ )
c - /t͡ʃ/
j - /d͡ʒ/
f - /f/
v - /v/
th - /θ/
dh - /ð/
sh - /ʃ/
zh - /ʒ/
k - /k/
g - /g/
p - /p/
l - /l/
r - /r/
s - /s/
z - /z/
t - /t/
d - /d/
m - /m/
n - /n/
vowels:
a - /a/
á - /ɑ/
e - /e/
é - /ə/ or /ɛ/
i - /i/í - /ɪ/
o - /o/
ó - /ɔ/
u - /u/
ú - /ɵ/ or /ʊ/ (tried to determine it from an IPA chart with sound, and couldn't figure out which one sounded more like what I had in mind :-/ )
c - /t͡ʃ/
j - /d͡ʒ/
f - /f/
v - /v/
th - /θ/
dh - /ð/
sh - /ʃ/
zh - /ʒ/
k - /k/
g - /g/
p - /p/
l - /l/
r - /r/
s - /s/
z - /z/
t - /t/
d - /d/
m - /m/
n - /n/
Thursday, November 12, 2015
A few word roots (outdated)
to be (estar) -> est
to be (ser) -> es
[^these are almost definitely going to be changed]
to have -> pos
male -> f'ir'
female -> fes'
to love -> ker'
to cause -> kas'
to become -> p'it
language, speech -> púk
good -> k'út
bad -> p'at'
right (side, direction) -> t'eks
left (side, direction) -> sif'
dog -> t'ak'
cat -> kát
parent -> f'at
to write -> skip'
the English borrowings "kas', k'út, p'at', t'ak', and kát" sound really corny... Probably need an automated program to make words for me - but then I'd have to figure out what combinations of letters are permitted. :-/
to be (ser) -> es
[^these are almost definitely going to be changed]
to have -> pos
male -> f'ir'
female -> fes'
to love -> ker'
to cause -> kas'
to become -> p'it
language, speech -> púk
good -> k'út
bad -> p'at'
right (side, direction) -> t'eks
left (side, direction) -> sif'
dog -> t'ak'
cat -> kát
parent -> f'at
to write -> skip'
the English borrowings "kas', k'út, p'at', t'ak', and kát" sound really corny... Probably need an automated program to make words for me - but then I'd have to figure out what combinations of letters are permitted. :-/
Tuesday, November 10, 2015
Grammatical endings (outdated)
Verb endings:
Past: -et'
Present: -eh
Future: -ep'
Unspecified: -ej
Infinitive: -e
Conditional (added after tense ending): -a
Imperative/volitive (added after tense ending): -o
Noun singular: -ét
Noun plural: -és
Adjective: -ik
Adverb: -ik'
Possesive: -if'
Past: -et'
Present: -eh
Future: -ep'
Unspecified: -ej
Infinitive: -e
Conditional (added after tense ending): -a
Imperative/volitive (added after tense ending): -o
Noun singular: -ét
Noun plural: -és
Adjective: -ik
Adverb: -ik'
Possesive: -if'
Pronouns (outdated)
Pronouns are in two categories: singular and plural. For each singular pronoun, there is a plural counter part.
I, me -> tét
we, us (non-inclusive) -> tés
thou, thee -> f'ét
ye, you -> f'és
he, him -> két
they, them (male) -> kés
she, her -> jét
they, them (female) -> jés
s/he, him/her -> jkét
they, them (people) -> jkés
it -> cét
they, them (things) -> cés
one (someone unspecified) -> hét
they, you (unspecified people, people in general) -> hés
himself, herself, itself, oneself (reflexive singular, third person) -> sét
themselves (reflexive plural, third person) -> sés
----------
"we" means "me and some other people" and by default does not include the one addressed: if "we" does mean "me and you", it is recommended to specifically say "me (or us) and thee (or you)" Also, the "thee/you" distinction is just a matter of number, not of respect, poetic register, endearment, etc.
Here, again, all is provisional. The gender-specific pronouns might be dropped; also, the whole list may be changed to make the pronouns more distinct one from another. I mostly just took the Esperanto pronoun list and amended it to make it more symmetrical - that's just something to start from. Also, it is not determined whether animals are properly "jkét/jkés", as they are animate, or "cét/cés", as they aren't people.
I, me -> tét
we, us (non-inclusive) -> tés
thou, thee -> f'ét
ye, you -> f'és
he, him -> két
they, them (male) -> kés
she, her -> jét
they, them (female) -> jés
s/he, him/her -> jkét
they, them (people) -> jkés
it -> cét
they, them (things) -> cés
one (someone unspecified) -> hét
they, you (unspecified people, people in general) -> hés
himself, herself, itself, oneself (reflexive singular, third person) -> sét
themselves (reflexive plural, third person) -> sés
----------
"we" means "me and some other people" and by default does not include the one addressed: if "we" does mean "me and you", it is recommended to specifically say "me (or us) and thee (or you)" Also, the "thee/you" distinction is just a matter of number, not of respect, poetic register, endearment, etc.
Here, again, all is provisional. The gender-specific pronouns might be dropped; also, the whole list may be changed to make the pronouns more distinct one from another. I mostly just took the Esperanto pronoun list and amended it to make it more symmetrical - that's just something to start from. Also, it is not determined whether animals are properly "jkét/jkés", as they are animate, or "cét/cés", as they aren't people.
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